The simplified papilla preservation flap. Interestingly, some of the common human periodontopathogens such as Haemophilus (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans are notably absent in animals. Journal of Periodontology, 93, 354-363. %PDF-1.4 % 2004;83(3):22-5. 2021 Mar;106:103562. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103562. aging; histomorphometric analysis; periodontitis; plaque; smoke. These data are difficult to explain considering the multifactorial etiology of GPIIIIVC [. . 2017 Nov;28(11):1354-9. Dental comos. Yardley, PA: Professional Audience Communications, Inc.; 2010. Buffoli, B.; Dalessandri, M.; Favero, G.; Mensi, M.; Dalessandri, D.; di Rosario, F.; Stacchi, C.; Rezzani, R.; Salgarello, S.; Rodella, L.F. AQP1 expression in human gingiva and its correlation with periodontal and peri-implant tissue alterations. ; G.G. ; Bissada, N.F. Epub 2017 Jun 15. Once the determination of periodontitis has been made, the disease is classified according to one of four Stages (I-IV) based upon the most severe area of disease presentation, which describe the disease severity and extent of disease, focusing on attachment and bone loss (Table 1A). conceived and designed the experiments; B.B. Quintessence Int. Berglundh, T., Armitage, G., Araujo, M. G., Avila-Ortiz, G., Blanco, J., Camargo, P. M., . Gomes-Filho IS, Cruz SSD, Trindade SC, et al. Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA(known as MSD outside of the US and Canada) is dedicated to using the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. New and exciting things were happening at this past EuroPerio9 held in Amsterdam from June 20th-23rd, 2018. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The authors declare no conflict of interest. Implants. Wang Q, Sun Y, Zhou T, Jiang C, A L, Xu W. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. generalized). Patients in stage I, stage II, and grade A had no TLPD during the total treatment period. The collection of the samples was carried out under topical anesthesia with 2% mepivacaine and epinephrine 1:100,000 [, Sections were deparaffinized in xylene, rehydrated, and stained with hematoxylineosin staining (Bio-Optica, Milan, Italy) and MassonGoldner trichrome staining (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) for the evaluation of the percentage of inflammatory cells and the vascular area (. They would understand the severity of condition, urgency of consulting the dentist for treatment and that involvement of periodontist in treatment is necessary. those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. . Tooth loss and radiographic bone loss in patients without regular supportive care: A retrospective study. Eighteen subjects with GPIII-IVC were enrolled in this study. Full mouth means of PPD, CAL, GMR (different from 0), and BoP were 3.46 mm, 4.03 mm, 2.39 mm, and 49%, respectively (. In teeth with healthy periodontal tissues, no gingivitis or periodontitis is evident. Keywords: Sex differences in destructive periodontal disease: Exploring the biologic basis. Clinical Case Report on Treatment of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis: 5-Year Follow-up. Stage 1: There is gingivitis only, without attachment loss; the height and architecture of the alveolar margin are normal. concluded that periodontitis is associated with (1) higher HbA1c levels in individuals without diabetes and in individuals with type 2 diabetes, (2) worsened diabetes-related complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes, and (3) an increased prevalence of complications in individuals with type 1 diabetes. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Methods: Twenty-four patients with stage IV/grade C periodontitis who received combined periodontal and orthodontic treatment were included in this study. 0000028483 00000 n Materials and methods: In particular, our null hypothesis had been to find a statistically significant major mean percentage of the vascular area and inflammatory cells in non-smoker patients due to the effects of smoking on biological tissues. This is especially true if multiple teeth are missing and insufficient crown-root ratios are obvious. 0000131229 00000 n All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. J. Clin. J Dent. Use for phrases Masamatti SS, Kumar A, Virdi MS. Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents: a clinician's perspective part. B.B., G.G. Under the 2017 system, the current categories of periodontitis are3, Necrotizing periodontal diseases feature papilla necrosis, bleeding, and pain, and are associated with impaired immune response,3 Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease focuses on diseases and conditions other than diabetes (e.g., genetic disorders, neoplasms, and other metabolic and endocrine disorders).4, 20. Periodontal disease and cancer: Epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms. Periodontal disease is a chronic infection that can result in the destruction of tooth-supporting structures (i.e., the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and/or alveolar bone) and eventual tooth loss.6, According to analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected from 2009 to 2014, roughly 42% of dentate adults 30 years of age or older in the United States have some form of periodontitis (mild, moderate or severe).7 The prevalence of periodontitis increases with age; it is significantly more common in males than in females, and in non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics than non-Hispanic whites.7. Removal of the bacterial plaque on the tooth surfaces is of utmost importance. eCollection 2022. Background: Recommendations for treating stage I-III periodontitis in the Taiwanese population: A consensus report from the Taiwan Academy of Periodontology. 0000010094 00000 n 2022 Dec 10;10(12):2505. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10122505. future research directions and describes possible research applications. 0000110265 00000 n 2015;69:717. Genco R, Williams R. Periodontal Disease and Overall Health: A Clinicians Guide. J Periodontol 2018;89 Suppl 1:S74-S84. J Clin Periodontol 2018;45 Suppl 20:S1-S8. Conclusions: The paper describes a simple matrix based on stage and grade to appro- Jacksonville, FL 32256 Allen, P. F., Thomason, J. M., Jepson, N. J., Nohl, F., Smith, D. G., & Ellis, J. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 2021 Dec;120(12):2072-2088. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.06.029. 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. See further details. 2022 Dec 16;12(12):2131. doi: 10.3390/life12122131. Methods: The study included 27 adult patients (13 smoker, 14 non-smoker) with stage III/IV-grade C periodontitis and 25 healthy adult subjects. Vladau, M.; Cimpean, A.M.; Balica, R.A.; Jitariu, A.A.; Popovici, R.A.; Raica, M. VEGF/VEGFR2 Axis in Periodontal Disease Progression and Angiogenesis: Basic Approach for a New Therapeutic Strategy. Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 3 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. 0000039969 00000 n Diabetes: Periodontal disease and diabetes are considered to have a bidirectional relationship: hyperglycemia has an effect on oral health and periodontitis has an effect on glycemic control. Manresa C, Sanz-Miralles EC, Twigg J, Bravo M. Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! See this image and copyright information in PMC. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. 2015 May-Jun;35(3):395-400. In Graetz's study, risk factors were not documented, and diabetic patients were de . The goal of periodontal treatment is to eliminate plaque, biofilm and calculus, from the tooth surface and establish an environment that can be maintained in health.21 Treatment of periodontitis can be non-surgical or surgical. J Clin Periodontol. J Med Case Rep. 2015;9:211. Meyer-Bumer, A.; Pritsch, M.; Cosgarea, R.; el Sayed, N.; Kim, T.S. and M.M. Accessibility Your IP: Use to remove results with certain terms 2007 Dec;78(12):2229-37. . Stage 4: There is advanced periodontitis, with >50% of attachment loss as measured by probing of the clinical attachment level or by radiographic determination of the distance of the alveolar margin from the cementoenamel junction relative to the length of the root, or there is a stage 3 furcation involvement in multirooted teeth (see below). Sanz M, Herrera D, Kebschull M, Chapple I, Jepsen S, Beglundh T, Sculean A, Tonetti MS; EFP Workshop Participants and Methodological Consultants. 14 on 251 periodontitis cases. 2021 Mar 18;10(6):1262. doi: 10.3390/jcm10061262. Xu S, Song M, Xiong Y, et al. The present S3 Level CPG informs clinical practice, health systems, policymakers and, indirectly, the public on the available and most effective modalities to treat patients with stage IV periodontitis and to maintain a healthy dentition over lifetime, according to the available evidence at the time of publication. Accessibility 2018;45:149161. If more than 30% of the teeth are involved, then periodontitis is considered generalized. The American Academy of Periodontology Classifications are designed to help dental hygienists diagnose and treat periodontitis. Caton, J.C.; Armitage, G.; Berglundh, T.; Chapple, I.L.C. All analyses were performed using the statistical software R (version 3.5.2, Out of 18 patients, 72% were females, 55.6% were more than 51 years old and smokers. The association between periodontal disease and the risk of myocardial infarction: a pooled analysis of observational studies. No special Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Periodontol 2000. wrote the paper. This case report shows that within the limitations of this study a successful outcome can be achieved with an early diagnosis and treatment involving elimination of infectious microorganisms and meticulous long-term maintenance combined with regenerative techniques and implant placement to restore the masticatory function and improve the quality of life for the patient. Depending on disease distribution and extent, periodontitis can be categorized into a localized (<30% of teeth involved) generalized or molar/incisor pattern [, The worst periodontal condition is evident in patients with generalized stage IIIIV, grade C periodontitis. ; M.M. 0000090727 00000 n Ann Clin Lab Sci. Journal of Periodontology, 89. doi:10.1002/jper.17-0739. A stage 2 mobility is present when tooth mobility is increased in any direction other than axial over a distance of >0.5 mm and up to 1 mm. Methods and Results A 62-year-old South Asian female presented with unstable Stage IV Grade C periodontitis, poor oral hygiene and multiple autoimmune conditions including oral lichen planus. Am Heart J 2016;180:98-112. The AAP released two documents titled Three Steps to Staging and Grading a Patient and Staging and Grading Periodontitis. A quick synopsis of the three stages are as follows; Step 1: Initial Case Overview to Assess Disease, the recommendation is to conduct a screening consisting of radiographs, probing depths, and missing teeth. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 157(2), 156-164.e117. Before Tonetti, M.S. FOIA Shiau, H.J. Attachment and bone loss associated with periodontal disease are results of the bodys immune response to plaque biofilm and its metabolic byproducts. Grade of periodontitis is estimated with direct or indirect evidence of progression rate in three categories: slow, moderate and rapid progression (Grade A-C). 2018;45:18. Dental cleaning on an awake animal improves the cosmetic appearance of the tooth crowns but does not improve periodontal health. The periodontist will also compare the amount of bacterial biofilm to the destruction level. %i}F/5>e3cv4qg j. In these situations, significantly rapid progressive damage to the attachment apparatus, which can lead (especially in stage IV) to tooth loss and occlusion impairment, is appreciated [ 4 ]. While stages I to IV are defined based on the severity and complexity of management, grades A to C evidence the disease progression rate in three categories: slow, moderate, and rapid. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly Bacterial plaque on the crown surface of a tooth constantly presents antigen to the marginal gingiva, stimulating an inflammatory response and resulting in gingivitis. Get Directions Al-Zahrani, M. S., Alhassani, A. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Get Directions The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the In order to consider both aims, 18 patients were enrolled in this study. J Clin Periodontol 2021. 8600 Rockville Pike Younes, R.; Ghorra, C.; Khalife, S.; Igondjo-Tchen-Changotade, S.; Yousfi, M.; Willig, C.; Senni, K.; Godeau, G.; Naaman, N. Pertinent cell population to characterize periodontal disease. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Results: Females showed a significant increase in the percentage of inflammatory cells compared to males (6.29% vs. 2.28%, Periodontitis is a disease that, if untreated, leads to serious functional and aesthetic impairments, as well as a strong conditioning of social life, resulting in impairment in life quality [, This disease is characterized by a microbially-associated, host-mediated inflammation that results in the loss of periodontal attachment, clinically detected as clinical attachment loss (CAL) [, In 2018, the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology published a new classification of periodontal diseases. ; Tonetti, M.S. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of AO Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia (protocol n 1473) (0059683, 18/12/2013) and conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. 0000001972 00000 n Periodontal disease and carotid atherosclerosis: A meta-analysis of 17,330 participants. Two key processes involved in the evolution of this pathology are angiogenesis and inflammatory infiltrate. The .gov means its official. articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without National Library of Medicine etin MB, Sezgin Y, nder C, Bakirarar B. Clin Oral Investig. J Indian Soc Periodontol. A separate guideline covering the treatment of Stage IV periodontitis will be published. PMC doi:10.1002/jper.18-0157. Maintenance visit regularity has a different impact on periodontitis-related tooth loss depending on patient staging and grading. Oral Dis 2020;26(2):439-46. Biomedicines. This can reverse gingivitis, returning the gingiva to a healthy, uninflamed state. F: 904-398-1810, 9432 Baymeadows Road, Suite 200, If the gingivitis does not resolve, further examination should be performed to identify additional complicating conditions such as persistent subgingival plaque and calculus or the presence of predisposing factor(s). Barrier membranes should be placed between the bone defect and gingival tissues to achieve guided tissue regeneration. J Periodontol. 3. [, Tobacco and its oxidation products are involved in the progression and clinical alterations of periodontal diseases. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Caton JG, Armitage G, Berglundh T, et al. Buffoli, B.; Garzetti, G.; Calza, S.; Scotti, E.; Borsani, E.; Cappa, V.; Rimondini, L.; Mensi, M. Periodontitis Stage IIIIV, Grade C and Correlated Factors: A Histomorphometric Study. The relationship between body mass index and stage/grade of periodontitis: a retrospective study. Page, R.C. Results: The S3 Level CPG for the treatment of stage IV periodontitis culminated in recommendations for different interventions, including orthodontic tooth movement, tooth splinting,. Prior to treatment planning, it is critically important to undertake a definitive and comprehensive diagnosis and case evaluation, obtain relevant patient information, and engage in frequent re-evaluations during and after treatment. Our results showed that the vascular area was also more than halved in subjects with residual plaque on tooth surfaces. 0000101613 00000 n Young patients showed a significant increase in vascular area percentage compared to older patients (0.60% vs. 0.46%, p-value = 0.0006) and this percentage was also higher in non-smokers compared to smokers (0.41% vs. 0.55%, p-value = 0.0008). Careers. Rheumatoid arthritis: A 2020 systematic review indicates that periodontitis may increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was to understand if important factors such as smoking, gender, age, plaque, pus, and probing pocket depth could influence the histomorphological pattern of generalized stage IIIIV, grade C periodontitis (GPIIIIVC), which is a particular form of periodontitis. Epub 2021 Jul 19. Association between periodontitis and arterial hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Zitzmann, N. (2018). Angiogenesis together with inflammatory infiltrate are associated with the evolution of gingival inflammatory processes [. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Collaborators, NOTE: In 2017, the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) convened panels of experts to develop a classification system for periodontal and peri-Implant diseases and conditions.1 In 2018, these panels published consensus reports that described periodontal diseases including: periodontal health, gingival diseases and conditions2; periodontitis3, 4; and other conditions affecting the periodontium3, 4; as well as a system describing for peri-implant diseases (peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis).5 This Oral Health Topic page will focus on classifications related to periodontitis. Two key processes involved in the evolution of this pathology are angiogenesis and inflammatory infiltrate. 22. In 2018, the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology published the World Workshop Classification System for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions, which established a new approach to diagnosing periodontal disease to replace the system developed in 1999. A periodontal pocket is defined as a pathologically deepened gingiva sulcus, according to the definition reported by the American Academy of Periodontology. Pjetursson BE, Rast C, Brgger U, Schmidlin K, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. Periodontal disease is infection and inflammation of the periodontium (the tissues that surround and support the teeth) due to plaque bacteria and the hosts response to the bacterial insult. With this assumption, we decided to discuss the results factor by factor for simplifying the comprehension. In this case report, we present a patient with stage IV/ grade C periodontitis who achieved a good treatment outcome following nonsurgical periodontal treatment, orthodontic treatment, and prosthodontic treatment with a Maryland bridge, bringing new insight into the treatment of advanced periodontal disease. 25, Much of the literature agrees that, after non-surgical and/or surgical periodontal treatment, patients could benefit from more frequent visits, possibly every 3-6 months.26, 27 These appointments could include a review of home oral hygiene behaviors, ascertainment of exposure to risk factors such as tobacco use, professional plaque removal, and subgingival debridement, as needed.26-28 Patients also could be assessed to determine if active therapy is needed to treat recurrent periodontal disease.27, Researchers generally agree the maintenance phase is key to allow for close monitoring of the attachment level and pocket depth along with the other clinical variables, such as bleeding, exudation, tooth mobility.21. Periodontitis presents differently for everybody. Sarahs passion is education. The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. Based on the findings from step 1, a determination of mild-moderate periodontitis can be made, which is considered Stage I or Stage II. 0000118400 00000 n Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Periodontitis exists in different forms, and its etiology is related to multiple component causes. Disclaimer/Publishers Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. A Feature Quantitative analysis of the percentage of inflammatory cells and the vascular area were performed using a camera equipped with an image analysis system (Image-Pro Premier 9.1; Immagini e Computer, Milan, Italy). Prevalence, General and Periodontal Risk Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in China. Dent Update. Other antibiotics investigated for the treatment of Grade C periodontitis include amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and . 0000101282 00000 n VIDCAST: How Heartland Dental Helps Maximize Potential, QUIZ: Test Your Historical Women in Dentistry Knowledge, A Letter to Dental Hygienists from Your Temp Hygienist, Caviar Tongue: Are Dental Hygiene Patients Displaying Signs of Aging?, Barodontalgia: How Pressure Changes can Cause Tooth Squeeze Pain, Childrens Oral Health: Strategies to Help Prevent Early Childhood Caries, Study: Periodontal Disease Increases Risk Esophageal and Gastric Cancer by 43%-52%, Hygienist Spotlight: The Multifaceted Hygienist Behind Teacher Tina RDH, Research Looks at Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dental Professionals, OraVerse: How to Help Dental Patients Rebound from Numb Feeling Faster, The Effectiveness of Toothpastes in Blocking Dentin Tubule Permeability. Generalized periodontitis Stage IV Grade C Immunology of periodontitis Innate immunity: In innate immunity, the role of neutrophils, Toll-like receptors and defensins has been well studied. [. 2022 Jan 17;10(1):186. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10010186. 2020 Apr;91(4):442-453. doi: 10.1002/JPER.19-0141. Berglundh T, Armitage G, Araujo MG, et al. Leow NM, Moreno F, Marletta D, et al. interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. Biomedicines. Effects of smoking on periodontal tissues. Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. F: 904-249-8554, 1409 Kingsley Avenue, Suite 9A, The binary coded variable BoP was summarized as counts and percentages. However, this factor should be investigated more. Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis. Rheumatoid arthritis risk in periodontitis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Teughels W, Dhondt R, Dekeyser C, Quirynen M. Treatment of aggressive periodontitis. Periodontal diseases. For the future, new Randomized Clinical Trials RCTs will be needed to verify whether smoking is a key factor in inflammatory and vascular periodontal alteration. Periodontitis is caused by the host's response to subgingival plaque. The site is secure. Step 3: Establish Grade focuses on assessing risk factors, systemic considerations, and outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy. . and transmitted securely. 0000001859 00000 n A patient is said to have periodontitis if: interdental clinical. Disease that does not meet these criteria are considered as periodontitis. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. Association of periodontitis with Oral Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Given the lack of benefits and the conflicting data in the literature, the benefits . Combined periodontal and prosthodontic treatment demands of patients require a structured coordination of pretreatments and an adequate choice of restorations. government site. Regular oral hygiene to remove supragingival plaque provides some protection to help prevent development of subgingival plaque and to minimize the number of periodontopathogens in the mouth. Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Acta Odontol Latinoam. Periodont. The present retrospective observational study aimed to understand the influence of smoking, gender, age, plaque, pus, and probing pocket depth on the histomorphological pattern of GPIIIIVC. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: Consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. 0000056742 00000 n Respiratory diseases: Research suggests associations between periodontitis and respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia, possibly due to inflammatory processes and aspiration of microorganisms from the periodontal pocket. Epub 2019 Sep 14. o [pig guinea] The percentage of inflammatory cells and the vascular area were measured and evaluated in relation to each periodontal disease-associated factor. Clinical periodontal measurements, real-time PoC aMMP-8, IFMA aMMP-8, and Western immunoblot analyses were performed before and 1 month after anti-infective scaling and root planing periodontal treatment. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. 8 The host response to the bacterial challenge leads to clinical signs such as deep pockets, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, and tooth mobility, which can ultimately cause tooth loss. Al-Zahrani MS. Implant therapy in aggressive periodontitis patients: a systematic review and clinical implications. Periodontal disease is classified in stages. eCollection 2023. This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Dental Clinic Lidia Verza, University of Brescia, Italy, from January 2014 to November 2016. ?mKml2~ Comparison of the Marginal Bone Loss in One-stage versus Two-stage Implant Surgery. Periodontol 2000 2020;83(1):213-33. These authors contributed equally to this work. MDPI and/or 0000029838 00000 n Therefore, following periodontitis treatment, besides its stage and grade classification, the patient must be classified into a stable or unstable periodontitis patient status. She loves not only educating patients but also students pursuing a dental hygiene career, and current dental professionals. Ramrez V, Hach M, Lpez R. Definition of aggressive periodontitis in periodontal research. Treatment of areas where plaque and food debris can collect, including orthodontic treatment and removal of plaque retentive factors. Kwon T, Lamster IB, Levin L. Current Concepts in the Management of Periodontitis. 0000027973 00000 n Careers. 1 (2021): Jan - Mar / 2021 - published Dec 2020, https://doi.org/10.14295/bds.2021.v24i1.2238, Magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis of the temporomandibular joint for changes in the articular disc in individuals with migraine headache, Impact of photoinitiator quality on chemical-mechanical properties of dental adhesives under different light intensities, Knowledge and attitudes related to erosive tooth wear of professional wine tasters: a cross-sectional study, Insights on the role of cytokines in carious lesions, Biomechanics of implant-supported restorations, Diagnostic accuracy of dental pulse oximeter with customized sensor holder, thermal test and electric pulp test for the evaluation of pulp vitality: An in vivo study, Comparative evaluation of post-operative pain after pulpectomy with k-files, kedo-s files and mtwo files in deciduous molars-a randomized clinical trial, Treatment Considerations for Patient With Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Review, Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on the effects of propolis and chlorhexidine mouthrinses on gingivitis, Effects of Typified Propolis on Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 2019. 0000028701 00000 n Scaling and root planing (SRP) complemented by systemic antibiotics, access surgery, regenerative techniques and implant placement are among the treatments used for patients with this condition. Hermes CR, Baumhardt SG, Rsing CK. Tomasi, C.; Leyland, A.H.; Wennstrm, J.L. Background: Periodontitis is a disease that leads to serious functional and esthetic dysfunctions.